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IB Sports, Exercise & Health Science: B.3 · Injury

Types of injury, risk factors, prevention, rehabilitation. 2 subtopics, 7 key terms.

In this topic: B.3.1 · B.3.2

B.3.1Types and causes of injury

Key terms

Acute injury

Occurs suddenly from a specific event (e.g. a fracture or sprain).

Chronic (overuse) injury

Develops gradually from repeated stress (e.g. tendinopathy, stress fracture).

Sprain / strain

Ligament injury / muscle or tendon injury.

Intrinsic / extrinsic risk factor

Inside the athlete (age, fitness, previous injury) / outside (equipment, surface, weather, coaching).

Soft-tissue injuries: sprains, strains, contusions (bruises), tendinopathy. Hard-tissue injuries: fractures (simple, compound, stress), dislocations.

The full notes, worked example and check questions for this subtopic are in the app.

Exam tip: Classify each risk factor as intrinsic or extrinsic and explain the mechanism, not just the name.

B.3.2Injury prevention and rehabilitation

Key terms

Warm-up

Gradual preparation that raises body temperature, heart rate and range of movement.

PRICE

Protection, rest, ice, compression, elevation: immediate treatment of soft-tissue injuries.

Rehabilitation

The process of restoring function and returning safely to sport.

Prevention: warm-up and cool-down, strength and flexibility training, correct technique, protective equipment, appropriate training loads, rest and recovery.

The full notes, worked example and check questions for this subtopic are in the app.

Exam tip: In rehabilitation questions, show the progression from protection to full sport-specific activity.

← B.2 · Forces, motion and movement · C.1 · Individual differences →

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